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Marijuana has been reported to have several effects on the male reproductive system. Marijuana has previously been linked to reduced adult testosterone, however, a study in Denmark reported increased testosterone concentrations among marijuana users. This study was performed to estimate the effect of marijuana use on testosterone in U.S. males. Data on serum testosterone, marijuana use, and covariates...
Despite their efficacy in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia, the popularity of inhibitors of 5α‐reductase (5ARIs) is limited by their association with adverse sexual side effects. The aim of this study was to review and meta‐analyze currently available randomized clinical trials evaluating the rate of sexual side effects in men treated with 5ARIs. An extensive Medline Embase and Cochrane...
More than 95% of testicular cancer are cured but they are at increased long‐term risk of cardiovascular disease. The risk of cardiovascular disease and treatment intensity was reported, but it is unknown whether this effect of cancer therapy is direct or indirect, mediated through androgen deficiency. Our aim was, therefore, to evaluate whether testicular cancer patients have increased the prevalence...
The methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene codes a crucial enzyme which involve in folate metabolism. The effect of MTHFR gene polymorphisms on male fertility status is uncertain and controversial. We evaluated the effect of B vitamin family intake on total homocysteine content and semen parameters of men with MTHFR gene polymorphisms. MTHFR genotypes frequency and serum total homocysteine...
The use of intra‐cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) has increased significantly worldwide, often chosen instead of in vitro fertilization (IVF), yet long‐term health outcomes are unknown and health differences between ICSI and IVF conceptions have not been comprehensively assessed. A systematic review of health outcomes of ICSI‐conceived offspring beyond the neonatal period compared to IVF‐conceived...
Testicular germ cell tumours (TGCT) typically contain high numbers of infiltrating immune cells, yet the functional nature and consequences of interactions between GCNIS (germ cell neoplasia in situ) or seminoma cells and immune cells remain unknown. A co‐culture model using the seminoma‐derived TCam‐2 cell line and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC, n = 7 healthy donors) was established to...
Recent studies have evaluated the use of magnetic‐activated cell sorting (MACS) to reduce apoptotic spermatozoa and improve sperm quality. However, the efficiency of using MACS alone, before or after sperm processing by density gradient centrifugation (DGC) has not yet been established. The purpose of this study is to determine the optimal protocol of MACS in assisted reproduction techniques (ART)...
Thyroid hormones (THs) play an important role in maintaining the link between metabolism and reproduction and the altered THs status is associated with induction of oxidative stress in various organs like brain, heart, liver and testis. Further, reactive oxygen species play a pivotal role in regulation of glucose homeostasis in several organs, and glucose utilization by Leydig cells is essential for...
The aim of this study was to compare sperm DNA damage between men with a history of congenital undescended testis (UDT) and men with a history of acquired UDT. A long‐term follow‐up study of men with previous UDT was performed. Fifty men with congenital UDT who had undergone orchiopexy at childhood age, 49 men with acquired UDT after a ‘wait‐and‐see’‐protocol (e.g. awaiting spontaneous descent until...
Considering the widespread use of assisted reproductive techniques (ART), DNA methylation of specific genes involved in spermatogenesis achieves increasingly clinical relevance, representing a possible explanation of increased incidence of syndromes related to genomic imprinting in medically assisted pregnancies. Several trials suggested a relationship between male sub‐fertility and sperm DNA methylation,...
One of the well‐document strategies adopted by tumour cells for progression is to evade immune surveillance mechanisms. An understanding of the tight interaction between immunity and progression of cancer can provide novel treatment options for different malignancies including prostate cancer (PCa). Here, we have shown that AATF genome encoded miR‐2909, known to play role both in immunity and cancer...
Colloidal super‐paramagnetic microbeads conjugated with annexin V are effective for separating apoptotic spermatozoa by MACS as a result of the high affinity of annexin V for externalized PS molecules. The effectiveness of the procedure in reducing the percentage of sperm with fragmented DNA and abnormal morphology has also been reported. However, it is still unknown if it could decrease the percentage...
Herein, we report the clinical outcomes following intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) with cryopiece cryopreserved rare human spermatozoa from severe male factor infertility patients. We established a novel cryopiece system on the basis of previous studies. In this study, 126 spermatozoa from four patients with non‐obstructiveazoospermia (NOA) or severe oligozoospermia were stored in cryopiece...
Sperm DNA Fragmentation has been extensively studied for more than a decade. In the 1940s the uniqueness of the spermatozoa protein complex which stabilizes the DNA was discovered. In the fifties and sixties, the association between unstable chromatin structure and subfertility was investigated. In the seventies, the impact of induced DNA damage was investigated. In the 1980s the concept of sperm...
Increasing evidence disclosed the existence of a novel multi‐organ endocrine pathway, involving bone, pancreas and testis, of high penetrance in energy metabolism and male fertility. The main mediator of this axis is undercarboxylated osteocalcin (ucOC), a bone‐derived protein‐exerting systemic effects on tissues expressing the metabotropic receptor GPRC6A. The recognized effects of ucOC are the improvement...
Deletions on the long arm of the Y chromosome are a well‐known cause of male infertility and it is generally accepted that deletions involving the AZFb region are not compatible with sperm production. Here, we report on two patients for whom basic diagnostic tests showed a deletion of the AZFb region. Unexpectedly, both patients had some residual sperm production. Subsequently, extension and additional...
Testicular cancer survivors have impaired gonadal function and increased risk of metabolic syndrome when compared to healthy controls. However, because of the fetal etiology of testicular cancer, familial unrelated healthy men might not be an optimal control group. The objective of this study was to clarify if testicular cancer survivors have impaired gonadal function and increased risk of metabolic...
Scrotal skin is thin and has high steroid permeability, but the pharmacokinetics of testosterone via the scrotal skin route has not been studied in detail. The aim of this study was to define the pharmacokinetics of testosterone delivered via the scrotal skin route. The study was a single‐center, three‐phase cross‐over pharmacokinetic study of three single doses (12.5, 25, 50 mg) of testosterone cream...
The successful treatment of boys with cancer has led to increasing attention to preserving their quality of life after completing cancer therapy. One of the top priorities for living a full life is keeping open the opportunity to have children. While sperm banking for males facing sterilizing cancer treatment can be effective, this approach requires subsequent use of reproductive procedures such as...
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